The Future of NATO Reexamined: Conflict, Deterrence, and Grand Strategy
What is NATO? The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is a defensive military alliance formed in 1949 by 12 countries in North America and Western Europe. NATO was founded to counter the threat of Soviet expansion in Europe. Its goal is to promote peace and...
Detention Intentions: Prisoners of War and Civilian Detainees in Ukraine and Russia
Since the mid-twentieth century, each generation has been defined by war. War has dominated our society in the worldwide instability that has followed both World Wars and mass global colonization. Since 1947, the number of conflicts in the world have continued to...
Putin’s Official Justifications for Ukraine Invasion are Unfounded. What Are His True Intentions?
State sovereignty, a nation’s absolute right of territorial integrity, is the bedrock of the current international order. The United Nations Charter is based on the principle of sovereign equality of all its Member States, and a violation of a state’s sovereignty is...
The International Criminal Court: Obstacles Hindering the Full Potential of International Justice
Background The concept of an international tribunal to prosecute accused perpetrators of violent crimes had been proposed countless times before the official establishment of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in 2002. It was first proposed in 1872 by Gustav...
The United Nations Security Council: Origins As A Roadmap To Reform
Like most modern international institutions, the United Nations Security Council, and the United Nations itself, traces its origins back to the end of the Second World War. The Council – both exclusive and amorphous – possesses the power to make decisions that can...
Russia: Redrawing the Map
The horrifying and tragic situation in Ukraine should shock no one; it is just the latest in a pattern of actions that Russia has undergone to induce former Soviet Republics (SSRs) into compliance in an attempt to assert its dominance as a global power. Russia has...
Violence Against Women: Landmark Cases and Legal Standards in the Inter-American System
Regional human rights systems address violence against women differently largely because different regions suffer from different maladies and issues. The Inter-American system addressed violence against women earlier than any other region in the world, starting with...
The President’s Section 232 Tariff Modification Authority
Introduction On Monday March 28th, the Supreme Court issued an order denying certiorari in Transpacific Steel v. United States (“Transpacific”), a case appealed from the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit about the President’s statutory authority...
Arbitration Agreement in International Commercial Contracts
Introduction Arbitration has been used as a dispute resolution mechanism for centuries. It is a carveout from sovereign authority to resolve disputes that are vested in national law, constitution, and statutes. Arbitration has become increasingly popular in...
Comparing Patent Eligibility Standards
Patent rights are utilized across the globe to guarantee the rights of inventors and patent holders against infringement and misuse of their invention. The value of patents lies in the exclusivity to enjoy the oftentimes substantial economic benefits through the...